Four Protection Features Of Notebook Power Adapter

The first type: overvoltage protection (OVP)
In the event of a broken loop, such as a damaged optocoupler or affected TL431 voltage divider network, the power adapter must stop working immediately and remain in this state until the user restarts the adapter.
The second type: short circuit protection (SCP)
Must be able to withstand a sustained short circuit on the output without damage. When the fault disappears, the adapter must be able to recover from protection mode and provide rated power again.
The third type: over temperature protection (OTP)
If the temperature of the power adapter exceeds a certain temperature value, there is a risk of damage to the adapter. To avoid this, a thermal sensor is used to continuously monitor the temperature and the adapter is continuously shut down if the temperature exceeds a limit set by the designer. When the user restarts the power and the temperature drops, the power adapter resets.
The fourth type: over power protection (OPP)
For some power supplies, it is important that the maximum output current is kept under control under worst-case conditions, such as a load drawing too much current, without actually short-circuiting.